Barbara Walker R.N.C., B.S.N.
A woman’s life can be full of emotional ups and downs. But,when
the “down” times are long lasting or interfere with everyday
life, it may be a sign of a common, serious illness - depression.
Research has shown approximately one in ten adults in the US experience
depression each year, although nearly two-thirds do not get the help
they need.
Depression affects both women and men, but women experience depression
at roughly twice the rate of men. Approximately one in five women
can expect to develop clinical depression in a lifetime. Regardless
of age, race, or income, clinical depression can occur in any woman,
robbing her of the pleasures of daily life.
Despite the number of women who experience depression, it is not
a routine part of being a woman, or evidence of a “female weakness”.
Clinical depression in not “just the blues” which we all
experience now and then. It is expected to have sadness after the
death of a loved one, in response to family or personal problems,
or in times of illness. Most women can cope with these stressors without
becoming clinically depressed. But if the signs of depression persist
for more than two weeks, and interfere with functioning in everyday
life, the diagnosis may be clinical depression.
Not every woman experiences clinical depression in the same way,
and some studies have shown that women experience depression very
differently from men. Symptoms are not always clear or obvious, and
a thorough medical examination should be part of an evaluation for
clinical depression. If five or more symptoms in the following list
are present, if suicidal thoughts are present, or if symptoms are
severe enough to interfere with daily life, treatment with a mental
health professional or physician should be considered. The warning
signs of depression include: loss of interest in home and work, frequent
crying, change in eating or sleeping habits, unexplained irritability
or nervousness, poor self-image, inability to express feelings, loss
of pleasure, indecisiveness, poor concentration or forgetfulness,
social withdrawal, increased physical problems, feelings of guilt,
and suicidal thoughts.
Although the reasons for more women experiencing depression than
men are not totally known, research suggests that biological differences
in women, such as hormonal changes and genetics, may be contributing
factors. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and Postpartum Depression
(PPD) are two examples of depression in women related to hormonal
changes. A woman’s increased stressors from work and family
responsibilities, the roles and expectations in our society, and even
the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty among women, may also
contribute to depression.
Several other factors could also contribute to depression, but it
is possible for depression to occur even when there is no apparent
reason. The presence of the following should be considered when signs
of depression are noted, and could be significant when treatment decisions
are being made: 1. All prescription and over-the-counter medications
being used. 2. Difficult life changes, such as divorce, financial
problems, moving, loss of a job, death of a loved one. 3. Presence
of other medical conditions. 4.Presence of other mental illness, such
as anxiety or eating disorders. 5. Abuse of alcohol or drugs.
The good news is that over 80% of all cases of clinical depression
can be treated successfully with medications, psychotherapy, or a
combination of both. It is imperative to find a qualified health care
provider who fosters good communication and partnership. It is important
to ask questions and getting answers is a part of informed and effective
treatment. It may also be important to enlist the support of a family
member or trusted friend when making treatment decisions. And, it
is important to know that the earlier treatment is begun, the sooner
relief can be found and life can once again “feel good”.
Barbara Walker R.N.C, B.S.N. is an Education Specialist with
the CAMC Health Information Center in Charleston. For more information
on Depression or any other health topics, contact the Health Information
Center at 1-888-HEALTHY or healthinfocenter@camc.org.
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